Sexuality, Mortality, Disease and Fertility in the 1970s
Sexuality, Mortality, Disease and Fertility in the 1970s
This chapter brings the various strands of this study together. Previous studies of the 1970s have tended to emphasize the grimmest aspects of life during this decade, but the evidence suggests that the immediate demographic impact of worsening poverty and instability was rather modest. Moreover, the changes in sexual culture and behaviour seen in the 1970s were to a large extent a continuation of long-established trends, ensuring that patterns which had been initially associated with urban contexts dispersed far into the regions' rural communities. What was new in the 1970s was as much the result of aspiration as desperation. Similarly the onset of fertility decline in central Buganda was driven by an attempt to maintain existing standards of living. Evidence that postponing and stopping as well as spacing behaviour contributed to fertility limitation indicates that this region once again does not fit with widely accepted theories about African demographic change.
Keywords: Tanzania, Uganda, Ankole, Buganda, Buhaya, fertility decline, birth spacing, sexuality
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