What Gertrude Bell Did for Islamic Archaeology
What Gertrude Bell Did for Islamic Archaeology
Gertrude Bell’s active ‘Islamic Archaeology’ phase roughly covers the period 1909–14, at a time when she was as interested in Arab tribes and Ottoman politics, and frustratingly her diaries frequently concentrate on the latter. She undertook three major expeditions in 1909, 1911 and 1913–14 – the first two covered Iraq and Anatolia and the ultimate one present-day Jordan and Saudi Arabia. She planned, mapped, photographed and provided descriptions of the major desert sites, corresponded with professional archaeologists discussing her discoveries and published the first plans of Ukhaidir, Iraq and Qasr-i Shirin, southern Iran. Fortunately for modern scholarship she published many of these journeys and left her notes, diaries and archives in the public domain.
Keywords: Samarra, Herzfeld, Sarre, Creswell, Ukhaidir, Baghdad, Raqqa, Strzygowski
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